Pneumatic-motor tool-stock.



No. 821,960. PATENTED MAY 29, 1906.

. P. W. PARSONS. PNEUMATIC MOTOR TOOL STOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 7. 1905.

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PATENTED MAY 29, 1906.

F. W. PARSONS- PNEUMATIC MOTOR TOOL STOCK.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 7. 1905.

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ATTORNEY ANDREW. a, mumu 00., PMom-umaamvnzks,wnsnmuwu. u. c.

PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK W. PARSONS, OF TARRYTOWN, NEW YORK.

PNEUMATIC-MOTOR TOOL-STOCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 29, 1906.

Application filed January '7, 1905. Serial No. 240,013.

.TO aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. PAR- SONS, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Tarrytown, in the county of VVestchester and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inPneumatic-Motor Tool-Stocks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in portable tools which aredriven by compressed air and used for drilling, reaming, tapping, andlike operations.

One object of my improvements is to provide a tool of this characterwhich shall be compact in form and of large power in proportion to itsweight and bulk; and a further object is to shorten the distance betweenthe point of the feed-nut and the extremity of the tool-socket in orderthat the tool-stock may be operated to advantage in narrow andconstricted quarters.

It is also my object to improve in certain details the tool-stock shownand described in Letters Patent of the United States No. 725,127, issuedto the Imperial Pneumatic Tool Company, April 14, 1903, for motor forportable tools.

I attain my objects by means of the ar- ,rangement and construction ofthe several parts of the tool, as illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which.

Figure 1 represents a vertical transverse section through a pneumaticdrill-stock embodying my improvements; Fig. 2, an interior view of thecasing, with all running parts removed; and Fig. 3 a detail showingmeans for preventing movement of the gear-ring within the casing.

Like numerals designate like parts in the several views.

The casing of the drill is formed in two partsthe shell 1, having a headintegrally formed therewith, and a removablecap or head 2,screw-threaded upon the open end of the shell. At diametrically oppositesides of the shell are bosses, into one of which is fastened the handle3 and the other of which constitutes a valve-chamber for my improvedthrottle and reversing valve, which valve is described and claimed in anapplication for Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, filed of even dateherewith. The valve chamber is completed by a valve-sleeve 4, screwedthereinto after the valve 5 is in place within the chamber. Thesleeve 4projects a sutlicient distance beyond the casing-boss to form a handleto correspond with the handle 3. The valve is operated by means of aloose sleeve 6 which is fitted over the sleeve 4 and engages a pin 7,projecting from the valve. transverse slot where the pin 7 passesthrough it, so as to permit the requisite turning of said pin in eitherdirection to shift the valve.

From the chambered boss the passages 8 and 9 rise parallel to oneanother on the outside of the casing and connect with the inclinedpassages 10 and 1 1, which run over the top or head of the casing tonear the center thereof, where they communicate with the inclinedpassages 13 and 14, formed in the boss 15 at the center of thecasing-head. These passages 8, 9, 10, and 11 are formed by drilling themthrough ribs cast on the casing, the openings left by the drill whenforming the passages being closed by screw-plugs. The plugs 12 areprovided with knurled heads, so that they may be removed for the purposeof introducing oil for lubricating the motor-cylinders.

'The motor is of the rotary reciprocating type and is supported from theboss 15 of the casing-head upon the crank-pin 17, formed with sideframeebearings 16 and 18 at each end. The bearing 16 is secured totheboss 15 by means of a stud 22, which is fastened in place by means ofa cup-shaped nut 23, which enters a recess formed in the top of theboss. The feed-screw 24 screws onto the stud 22 and enters into the nut23, forming therewith a jam-nut to securely fasten the crank-pin inplace. The feed-nut 25 runs down the feed screw 24 and into the nut 23when in its innermost position, said feed-nut being operated by means ofhandles 26. By the use of the chambered nut 23, which passes into theboss 15, I am enabled to run the feed-nut down close to themotor-support, and therefore materially reduce the distance between thepoint of the feed-nut and the casing-head without diminishing the feedadjustment.

The motor comprises the cylinders 21, mounted upon and revolving aboutthe stationary crank-pin 17 and coupled to the side frames 19 and 20 ina manner to produce revolution when air is admitted to the cylindersthrough properly-disposed ports in the crank-pin, said ports being incommunication with the passages 13 and 14 by way of vertical passagesdrilled into the crank-pin.

The sleeve 4 is provided with a Motion is imparted to the cylinders andside frames by means of the connecting-rods and crank-arms, by which thepistons and cylinders are coupled to the side frames. The generalconstruction of the motor in this respect is not new and needs nofurther description here. The side frame 19 runs on a flanged bronzering on the bearing 16, and the side frame 20 runs on the small bearing18, being provided with a bronze bushing where its hub rides upon saidbearing.

The hub 27 on side frame 20 projects beyond the bearing 18 and isprovided with an inturned flange at the end, into which one end of thedriving-pinion 28 is inserted. In order' to secure the pinion to the hub27, the teeth of the pinion are cut down slightly at the end and areinserted in corresponding notches cut in the inturned flange on the hub.Before the side frame 20 is set in place on the bearing 18 a screw 29 isinserted in the hub, and by said screw the pinion is drawn up into placeand fastened in the end of the hub. When the side frame is in place onits bearing, the screw 29 cannot work loose, and the pinion is thereforesecurely locked to the side frame.

' The driving-pinion 28 meshes with a series of intermediate gears 30,preferably three in number, although I have shown but one in thedrawings, said intermediate gears engaging the gear-ring 31. Thisgearring is made separate from the casing and is inserted through theopen end, being held in place between the lugs 35, cast on the innerwall of the casing, and the gear-head 33. This gearhead 33 has attachedto it the gears. 30 by means of pins 32, and it is supported andjournaled in the casing-head 2. The hub 37 of this gear-head passes outthrough a central stufIing-box 38 in the casing-head, and its rim ridesupon a bronze bearing-ring 34, set into the inner side of thecasing-head. The periphery of the gear-head has formed upon it aball-race in the shape of a right-angled' groove, and the gear-ring 31is provided with a corresponding ball-race on its inner periphery. Thechuck or tool-holder 40 is squared or otherwise angled at the end toengage a corresponding squared or angular hole in the hub 37, and alock-nut 41 is screwed up against a coller formed on the tool-holder tofasten it to the hub. In order to prevent the oil which'is contained inthe drill-casing from leaking through the joint between the tool-holderand hub 37 a beveled groove is cut around the inner end of the hole insaid hub, and a disk 39 is sprung thereinto, thereby forming anoil-tight joint at this point. To prevent the gear-ring 31 from turningin the casing, a toothed locking-plate 36 is riveted to the side of thecasing, the teeth of said plate engaging corresponding notches cut inthe outer periphery of the gear-ring, as shown in Fig. 3.

To reduce weight in the several parts, all unnecessary metal is outawayas, for instance, in the gear-ring 31 the outer periphery isgrooved, thereby leaving a flange to be engaged by the lugs at one sideand sufficient metal at the other side to form the ball-race. Thegear-pins 32 and the upper end of the tool-holder 40 are also bored out,as indicated by broken lines, to reduce weight.

The casing after the parts are all assembled is made oil-tight by thejoints in the head 2, so that the reducing-gear may be run in a body ofoil inserted in the casing, a re movable plug being provided in the topof the casing at 42 for the purpose of renewing the oil from time totime. The oil in the casing is also brought into contact with all partsof the engine, thereby insuring perfect lubrication of all runningparts.

It will be noted that by my arrangement of the gear-head 33 and themanner-of attaching the tool-holder 40 thereto said. holder is broughtup close to the driving-pinion 28, thereby enabling me to materiallyreduce the distance over all between the end of the toolholder and thepoint of the feed-nut, which is an essential requirement in this classof tools. When the tool is in operation, the back pressure on thetool-holder forces the gear-head 33 against the ball-bearing between itand the gear-ring 31 and relieves the gear-head from frictional contactwith the bearing-ring 34. Moreover, by reason of the form given to theball-races the pressure on the balls is parallel to the thrust on thetool-holder and there is therefore no wedge action between" the ballsand the ball-races, and consequently no binding between the runningparts of this bearing.

As the bearings 16 and 18 are in one piece with the crank-pin, therunning parts of the engine are supported upon a perfectly rigid base,and there can be no displacement or derangement of the several parts ofthe motor, as I have coupled them together. In order to place thecylinders upon the crank-pin, I provide a split bushing for the hub ofthe cylinders, the bore of said hub being sufficiently large to permitthe hub to be passed over the small bearing 18 to its place upon thecrankpin. The bushing is inserted after the cylinder-hub is in place onthe crank-pin, this construction of the parts being the same as thatwhich I have described and claimed in an application for Letters Patentof the United States for improvements in air-compressors, filed of evendate herewith.

Having thus described the several parts and details of construction ofmy improved tool-stock,what I claim as my invention, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a pneumatic-motor tool-stock, the combination of a casing having amotor secured to one of its heads, admissionand eX- haust passagesleading from the motor through the head and down the shell of the casingto a chambered boss formed thereon, a throttle-valve in said chamber, asleeve through which air is admitted to the valve, said sleeve acting asone of the handles 01 the tool-stock, and means on said sleeve forshifting the valve to shut off or change the direc tion of flow throughthe said passages.

2. In a pneumatic-motor tool-stock, the combination of a casing having ahead formed integrally therewith, a motor secured to said head withinthe casing, admission and exhaust passages leading from the motorthrough the head to corresponding passages formed on the head andextending down one side of the shell of the casing, a handle-boss havinga valve-chamber into which said passages lead, a valve in said chamber,a sleeve extending out from said boss through which air is admitted tothe valve and which also serves as a handle for the tool, and means onsaid sleeve for shifting the valve to shut off or change the directionof flow through the said passages.

3. In a pneumatic-motor tool-stock, the combination of a casing having aboss formed on the-inside of one of its heads, a crank-pin with sidebearings for a rotary reciprocatingpiston motor secured to said boss bymeans of a stud passing through the boss, a cupshaped nut on said studentering a cavity at the outer side of the casing-boss, a feed-screwscrewed onto the stud against said nut, and a feed-nut adapted to be rundown into the cavity of said nut.

4. In a pneumatic-motor toolstock, the combination of a crank-pin withside bearings formed at each end, side frames jour-- naled on saidbearings, a plurality of cylinders journaled on the crank-pin betweenthe side frames, connections between the side "frames and cylinderswhereby rotation is imparted from one to the other, a hub on one of theside frames projecting beyond its bearing, a pinion having teethengaging corresponding notches in an inturned flange at the end of saidhub, and a screw inserted in the hub to secure the pinion in place, saidscrew having its head positioned between the end of the bearing and theflange when the parts are assembled.

5. In a pneumatic-motor tool-stock, the combination of a casing, a motorwithin the casing, a driving-pinion on the motor, a gearhead in linewith. said pinion journaled in a removable head of the casing, gearscarried by the gear-head meshing with the pinion, a

gear-ring inserted in the casing with which said gears also mesh, saidgear-ring being held in place on one side by projections formed on thecasing-shell and on the other side by a thrust-bearing between it andthe gear-head, and means to lock the gear-ring against rotation in thecasing.

6. In a pneumatic-motor tool-stock, the

combination of a casing, a motor within the casing, a driving-pinion onthe motor, a gearhead in line with said pinion, a casing-head providedwith a packing-box through which a hub on the gear-head passes, anangular hole in said hub, a tool-holder fitted in said hole, a lock-nutby which the tool-holder is fastened in the hub, .a stationary gear-ringin the casing, gears carried by the gear-head in mesh with thedriving-pinion and gear-ring, and a thrust-bearing between the gear-headand gear-ring.

7. In a pneumatic-motor tool-stock, the combination of a motor andreducing-gear inclosed in an oil-containing casing, a gearhead for thereducing-gear provided with a thrust-bearing within the casing and withan outwardly-projecting hub, a head for the casing provided with apacking-box through which said hub passes, a tool-holder shaped to fitinto an inwardly-closed socket provided therefor in said hub, and meansfor fastening the holder in the socket.

8. In a pneumatic-motor tool-stock, the combination of a motor andreducing-gear inclosed in an oil-containing casing, a gearhead for thereducing-gear provided with an outwardly-projecting hub, a head for theeasing provided with a packing-box through which said hub passes, anangular hole at the inner end of said hub, an oil-tight closure for saidhole, a tool-holder having an angled shank to fit said hole, and alock-nut by which said tool-holder is fastened in the hub.

9. In a pneumatic-motor tool-stock, the combination with a motorinclosed within a casing, of a reducing-gear comprising a pinion on themotor, a stationary gear-ring secured to the shell of the casing, agear-head journaled in one of the casing-heads, gears carried by saidgearehead in mesh with the pinion and gearring, and a thrust-bearingbetween the gear-head and gear-ring comprising balls running inball-races formed on the outer and inner peripheries of the gearhead andgear-ring respectively, the bearingsurfaces of said ball-races lying inplanes at right angles to the axis of rotation.

10. In a pneumatic-rnotor tool-stock, the combination, with a gear-headcarrying the reducing-gear, of a thrust-bearing therefor comprisingballs and ball-races, the ball-races being formed on the gear-head atits outer periphery and on a stationary member of the tool-stock withtheir bearing-surfaces lying in planes at right angles to the axis ofrotation.

11. In a pneumatic-motor tool-stock, the combination of a casing-shellhaving a head formed integrally therewith, ridges formed on the outsideof the head and shell-and extending from near the center of the head toa valve-chamber at the side of the shell, passages for the admission andexhaust drilled into said ridges to form continuous passages froniinside the headtothe valve-chamber; easing and engaging correspondingnotches 10 the open ends Where thepassages intersect in the periphery ofthe gear-ring.

being closedby suitable plugs; In testimony whereof I have afiiXed my12. In a pneumatic-motortool-stock, the signature in presence oftWoWitnesses. combination, with the casing, of a gear-ring adapted to beinserted through the open end FREDERICK PARSONS of the casing, and meansWithin the casing to Witnesses:

secure the gear-ring against rotation therein M. E. VERBEGK,

comprising a toothedplate fastened to the A. S. DIVEN.

